Translation Fundamentals

Why translation and localization?Read the text in total, not in isolation from the
Translation is as basic a human activity as creatingwhole. This is a thumb rule. This would give you a
originals. It’s a natural trait of mind to expressfeel of the content in its totality. At times, you
anything noticed new in the language one followsget the actual message conveyed only at the
naturally. This has inspired the human beings toend. Also read some existing domain translation to
translate almost ever since the beginning ofknow what not to do. We should learn from
human civilization. Before the advent of modernothers’ mistakes. It would be better if you
technology, translated word was the only way tojust read the translation, not the source. This is
know that, in fact, there exists such a vast andvery important. A reading would give you a feel
diverse world beyond what we could see.whether this is an original text or a translation.
The world is as much indebted to the amateurGeneral reading is immensely helpful. The more
translators as to the great scientists andyou read and know the better for you.
inventors, revolutionary thinkers, prophets andPost translation reading is equally important. Again
social reformers. But for the translators’read it in total, feel the flow and consistency of
efforts, the inventions, the thoughts, literature andtone, style and narration. If you feel that it sounds
mythology, and the revolutionary ideas thatlike a translation and not an original, then the
changed the world could not have traveled so fartranslation has failed the purpose and you have
and wide.learned an important lesson: a translation has to
The Challengesound like an original. This is fundamental 3.
In contrast to translation of literature andBe close to original
mythology, translation in technical domain has itsThe success of a translation is measured on how
own typical challenges and methodologies. It hasthe audience accepts it in the target language. It
developed a specialized process of migrating tomust sound as if it is written in the target
other languages that we call localization.language itself. It must be as close to the original
Localization is a broad sphere of activities of whichas possible in size, flow, and narration. An
translation is a major component. Technicaloversized translation with an entirely different
adaptation with due respect to cultural sensitivitiesnarration is not a faithful translation. This underlines
are the basic tenets of localization. This calls for athe need to be simple and precise, which is
perfect blend of technical and linguistics skills.fundamental 4.
Web and telecommunications are new andBe simple and precise
evolving domains. They are spreading at a speedThere is always a need and scope in translation to
that no other domains have achieved so far. Theirbe simple and precise. The very purpose of
user base is growing by leaps and bounds. Unliketranslation is defeated if the message is not
other technologies, the web andconveyed to the reader in the target language.
telecommunications did not have time to matureYou would never remember or fall back upon a
first in the native land and language and thencomplex document for guidance. We tend to use
migrate to other lands and languages. Theirheavy terms while translating. We have to resist
technical maturity and widening of base havethis and opt for the simpler terms wherever
been simultaneous. This is the challenge for thepossible.
translators: to be faithful to the domain and yetGolden Rules of Translation
be welcome to the common user.Follow the source: A major challenge in translation
Almost every other day some new features areis to reflect the tone, style, and structure of the
added to enhance mobile experience. Engineerssource. This is simply addressed by respecting the
and enthusiasts are working round the clock.source. It’s always safe and wise to follow
Mobile manufacturers are in a cut throatthe source.
competition to score over one another. TheFollow the rules: You are always correct if you
convergence of different technologies andfollow the rules of language and grammar. A
domains has blurred the divide among them. Sogrammatically correct sentence is rarely a wrong
the translators now have to translate keeping thistranslation. Being grammatically and linguistically
convergence in mind. This calls for a cross domaincorrect is like speaking the truth. You don’t
consistency.need to remember what you said the last time.
With the evolution of localization as a specializedThis curtails half of the efforts at the review
offshoot of translation, highly technical domainslevel. This ensure consistency of language and
such web and telecommunications have developedstyle.
industry specific standard terminology. This is aMaintain Consistency: Consistency is the basic
great help as well as a challenge for therequirement of localization tasks. To a certain
translators. It’s a challenge because at timesextent, it is more important than good quality. So
you have to accept a terminology which you domuch so that it can be acceptable if a translation
not find welcome from the language point ofis wrong but consistent but it is never acceptable
view. This underlines a fundamental rule ofif a translation is correct but inconsistent. And
translation: consistency.consistency is not restricted just to language, but
Translation always requires an active humanit is also required in style, terminology, and
involvement to come out in a welcome shape.narration. Beyond that, it extends to cross domain
Machines would always have a limited andconsistency. Ever growing convergence of
supporting role in translation because they cantechnologies requires consistency in localization.
only perform in a defined way. They cannot think.Similar functionalities and concepts in telecom and
And here in comes fundamental 1.software should be translated consistently.
ThinkLinguistically, consistency makes things easier for
Think before you start. And think what? What istranslators and reviewers. This saves efforts
the domain? What is the text? What is thewhile making changes after the review. It helps in
context? Who are the audience? To think clearlysaving costs as we do not need to pay for
towards coming out with a good piece ofanything that is already translated. It helps in
translation, you need to read. This is fundamentaldeveloping logics and base doe machine
2.translations.
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