The Geography of Birmingham

On a world map the co-ordinates for the city ofBirmingham; the River Cole which flows across
Birmingham are 52o 28' latitude north andthe south to north-east of the city; the River
longitude 1o 53' west. Birmingham is a metropolitanRea, which flows from the south west into the
borough of the West Midlands and a unitaryRiver Tame north of the city centre. The River
authority in its own right. However, it also stillTame flows west to east across the city and
retains historic links with the counties of;eventually flows into the River Trent at Alrewas.
Warwickshire, Worcestershire and Shropshire toNone of the rivers passing through Birmingham
which its suburbs once belonged. The population ofare navigable by boat.
Birmingham exceeds 1 million people making it theThe climate in Birmingham is typical of England
second largest city in the country; the populationbeing a temperate one. With most of its weather
of the West Midlands conurbation is almostsystems arriving on the prevailing westerly winds,
2,300,000. Birmingham city covers an area ofthe average temperature in January is 30C and
some 26,700 hectare giving it a population densityJuly it is 150C. On average Birmingham receives
of around 38 per hectare, which is slightly lessless than 750ml of rainfall a year which, being
crowded than many other major UK cities.relatively close to the Welsh hills and mountains,
Artefacts dating back to Roman and even themuch of the rain being carried by the prevailing
Bronze Age establish that there have beenwinds is deposited over Wales before reaching
settlements in and around Birmingham for a longBirmingham. The average expectancy of rain in
time. Before it became a heavily industrialised cityBirmingham is about 175 days a year. The
Birmingham would have grown and developed bytemperature in January is lower than might be
the aggregation of small farming hamlets, probablyexpected for a city in the midland of England. This
centred on areas close to the River Rea. Theis because the city is centrally located in the
surface geology of Birmingham is sandstone,landmass and so does not benefit from the
mudstone and a pebbly silty clay that would haveblanket effect of the North Atlantic Drift.
been deposited at the time the glaciers retreatedHouse prices in Birmingham vary across the city
during the ice age. By and large the surfacedependant on the suburb in which they are
geology is rarely more than 10m thick. Thelocated. Traditionally the two most expensive
dominant bedrock in Birmingham is the redareas have been Edgbaston and Sutton Coldfield.
mudstones and sandstones that were laid downThe suburb of Harbourne is seen as an up and
during the Permian and Triassic eras, roughly 290coming area for young professionals being close
to 250 million years ago.to the city centre, the university and the main
To the west of the city there are CarboniferousBirmingham Hospitals. Houses in Bournville,
coal measure deposits and rocks dating back toespecially those that are part of the Bournville
the Silurian era. Of significance here is the areaVillage Trust, are also much sought after. The
known as Wrens Nest, Dudley, which is a site ofoverall average price for a house in Birmingham is
exceptional importance for Lower Silurian155,000 GBP.
limestone. In 2002 Birmingham was hit with theThe average price of a four bed roomed
Uks biggest earthquake in a decade, measuringdetached house is the same as the national
4.8 on the Richter scale the epicentre of it was inaverage at 320,000 GBP which is higher than the
Dudley which sits on a major fault line. Birminghamregional price of 275,000 GBP. A three bed-room
also sits on a fault line running south-west to northsemi-detached house is 160,000 GBP, below the
east through the city.national average of 185,000 GBP but some 5%
Once sitting on the northern edge of the Forestabove the regional average. A two bed-room
of Arden and surrounded by woodland, timberterraced house in Birmingham typically costs
was the traditional building material. With sand and130,000 GBP, about 7% higher than regionally and
gravel deposits and limestone nearby the use of10% higher than the national average. At over
mortar mixes and concrete was also common.130,000 GBP for a 2 bed-roomed flat, Birmingham
Ever since they could be mass produced, bricksis around the national average price, but again
and plain baked clay tiles have subsequently beenhigher than the regional average.
used in buildings.Whilst there are 43 major suburbs, the city
Geographically Birmingham sits on the Birminghamcouncil for Birmingham has 40 electoral wards
Plateau which is generally 150 to 200 metreswhich each return 3 councillors. The city is divided
above sea level. However, the Lickey Hills in theinto 10 electoral constituencies to return Members
extreme south west of the city rise to 285m.of Parliament.
There are three main rivers flowing through